Central nervous system stimulant, prodrug of dextroamphetamine
Converted to dextroamphetamine, which promotes release of dopamine and norepinephrine and inhibits their reuptake, enhancing attention and alertness
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), binge eating disorder (adults)
Augmentation in treatment-resistant depression, fatigue and cognitive dysfunction related to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other neurological conditions
Oral capsules and chewable tablets
30 mg p.o. once daily in the morning, titrated as clinically indicated (typical dose range 30–70 mg/day)
30–70 mg/day
Prodrug converted to active dextroamphetamine after oral absorption; duration ~10–12 hours
Decreased appetite, insomnia, anxiety, dry mouth, elevated blood pressure and heart rate, gastrointestinal upset
Potential for misuse and dependence, though lower risk than immediate-release stimulants due to prodrug status
Regular monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, mood, and potential misuse
Risk of abuse and dependence; careful assessment recommended
May improve apathy, executive dysfunction, or fatigue related to post-stroke or TBI. Use cautiously in elderly patients and those with cardiovascular disease. Regular cardiovascular and psychiatric monitoring is advised.